Tuberculosis occurs worldwide and is rampant in many countries. Though curable, its infection is on the rise. The most specific test is the positive bacterial culture of a patient’s sputum sample. This is cumbersome and time consuming. X-rays, smears for AFB and Tuberculin tests though
comparatively rapid are not conclusive. Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme widely distributed in mammalian tissues, particularly in T
Lymphocytes. Increased levels of ADA are found in various forms of tuberculosis making it a marker for the same. Though ADA is also increased in
various infectious diseases like Infectious Mononucleosis, Typhoid, Viral Hepatitis, initial stages of HIV, and in cases of malignant tumours, the same
can be ruled out clinically.
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